Cultural Settlements

How can I unlock the Cultural Settlements? Why am I unable to start a new Settlement? I have all goods required for the next Advancement, but the game still asks me to pay Diamonds! What are those rocks and ruins in my Settlement? How do I use the pickaxe to remove impediments? What and who are emissaries? How do Expansions work in the Settlement? How do the time rewards work in the Settlement? Completing the Settlement did not reward me with an Upgrade Kit! My Cultural Goods seem to have disappeared! Ancient Egypt: How do I access the Siege Camp? Ancient Egypt: I can't see my Egyptian units in my army management screen Ancient Egypt: Why are my units in my settlement not boosted by my main city? Ancient Egypt: How do I get Loot? Ancient Egypt: Why can't I build roads in my settlement? Ancient Egypt: Why cant I produce Grain and other Cultural Goods? Aztecs: How do I unlock the settlement? Aztecs: How do I get to play the minigame? Feudal Japan: How can I unlock the Merchant? Mughal Empire: Where's the minigame? Mughal Empire: How do I unlock the settlement?